Crop steering is a powerful technique that gives growers control over how plants develop by managing their environmental conditions.
Use in hydroponic systems, greenhouses, and cannabis cultivation, where precise control of light, irrigation strategy, and nutrients makes a big difference. This method helps growers decide whether to focus on vegetative growth (leaves, stems, and roots) or generative growth (flowers and fruits) to achieve high-quality yields.
By adjusting light intensity, irrigation events, and nutrient delivery, growers can use crop steering to push plants toward their desired growth phase. In this guide, we’ll explain how to implement crop steering, the benefits it offers, and how Dosatron systems make the process easy with real-time automation.
What is Crop Steering?
Crop steering allows growers to manage how plants develop by providing specific vegetative cues or environmental signals.
- Vegetative Growth: Plants focus on growing leaves, roots, and stems.
- Generative Growth: Energy shifts toward flowers and fruits, maximizing production.
The key to crop steering lies in adjusting the plant’s root zone grow environment, light climate, and irrigation strategy.
For example, increasing substrate water content encourages vegetative growth, while reducing water triggers generative growth. These subtle shifts help growers achieve more consistent, high-quality crops.
How Does Crop Steering Work?
Crop steering involves balancing light climate and irrigation to send the right signals to plants. Here are some essential elements of the process:
1. Manipulate Light and Light Intensity
Plants react to changes in light intensity and exposure. Growers can manipulate light to steer growth in specific directions:
- Vegetative Steering: Use high light intensity and longer light periods to promote the development of leaves, roots, and stems.
- Generative Steering: Shorten light exposure to signal plants to produce flowers and fruit.
This technique is crucial in cannabis crop, where carefully timed light changes encourage flowering.
2. Use Climate Control to Adjust VPD (Vapor Pressure Deficit)
The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) measures the difference between air moisture and the plant's internal moisture levels. Managing VPD ensures plants stay healthy and grow properly.
- Lower VPD: Higher humidity supports vegetative growth by reducing water loss through leaves.
- Higher VPD: Drier air pushes plants toward generative growth by promoting flowering and fruiting.
Maintaining the right environmental conditions through climate control ensures smooth transitions between growth phases.
3. Optimize Irrigation Strategy and Substrate Water Content
The frequency and amount of water—referred to as shot size—influence how plants grow.
- Vegetative Growth: Frequent irrigation events with smaller shot sizes keep substrate water content high, encouraging root and leaf development.
- Generative Growth: Reducing water frequency creates mild stress in the root zone, steering the plant to focus on flowering and fruiting.
This irrigation strategy ensures plants receive the right balance of hydration and stress at every stage.
4. Monitor EC and Nutrient Levels in Real Time
- Vegetative Period: Provide nitrogen-rich solutions to fuel leaf and root growth.
- Generative Period: Switch to phosphorus and potassium-rich nutrients to support flowers and fruits.
Using tools to monitor EC helps ensure the right nutrients balanced throughout each phase. Tracking these metrics in real time allows growers to make quick adjustments.
